Proximal–distal absorptive gradients in the in vivo intestine of normal and infected (Hymenolepis diminuta: Cestoda) rats

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Abstract
Using a single-pass perfusion technique, H2O, Na+, Cl−, HCO3−, and glucose absorption were studied in the jejunum and proximal and distal ileum of rats either uninfected or infected with a tapeworm parasite (Hymenolepis diminuta). The effect of parasitization, region of the intestine, type of buffer, and concentration of glucose in the perfusion fluids on the transport data were analyzed by univariate and multivariate techniques.Proximal–distal flux gradients were observed for water and all the solute species studied, as well as for glucose- and bicarbonate-stimulated salt and water transport; there was a decreasing sensitivity to low pH proceeding distally. The major regional differences occurred between the proximal and distal ileum, with the fluxes in the jejunum being similar to those in the proximal ileum. Na+, H2O, and glucose transport decreased, while Cl− absorption increased, proceeding distally.The parasites diminished the rates of absorption of glucose, salt, and water, and altered the flux gradients, particularly the Na+ and HCO3− transport gradients. The differences in the gradients between control and infected animals were related to differential sensitivity of the different transport systems in the various regions of the gut to parasitism.