The Spectrophotometric Determination of Titanium with Hydrogen Peroxide and Xylenol Orange

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Abstract
Although almost no color reaction occurs when titanium is treated with a solution of xylenol orange at pH below 2, the addition of hydrogen peroxide as a third reactant yields a new, red complex with an absorption maximum at about 535 mμ. On the basis of the above reaction, a new method for the spectrophotometric determination of titanium has been described. The color stability is affected by the amount of hydrogen peroxide and xylenol orange. When, however, 0.2 to 5 ml. of a 0.3% solution of hydrogen peroxide and 3.5 to 6 ml. of a 1×10−3M solution of xylenol orange are used for less than 70 μg. of titanium and a total volume of 25 ml., the color obtained is stable for at least 30 min. Beer’s law is obeyed over the 7 to 70 μg. range of titanium. The mole ratio method and the two spectrophotometric methods have been employed to determine the composition of the complex. It has been concluded that a 1:1:1 complex is formed under the conditions investigated.

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