Electrostatic Voltmeter for the Measurement of Surface Potentials

Abstract
The apparatus contains a reference surface (gold) and provision for evaporating the experimental surface onto a rotating metal plate. Circuits used to measure the surface potential difference between the two metal surfaces are described. The apparatus has a rapid and continuous response to changes in the surface potential difference (SPD) between an experimental and a reference surface. As a result, the resolution of the initial variation of the SPD on sorption of oxygen on evaporated iron has been materially increased. The apparatus can be modified to allow SPD measurement on single crystals or catalyst surfaces.

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