Unusual Space-Time Evolution for Heavy-Ion Collisions at High Energies due to the QCD Phase Transition

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Abstract
The space-time evolution of high-energy noncentral heavy-ion collisions is studied with relativistic hydrodynamics. The results are very sensitive to the equation of state (EoS). For an EoS with the QCD phase transition, an unusual matter distribution develops. Before freeze-out, two shells are formed which physically separate and leave a maximum in the center. We make specific predictions for the azimuthal dependence of the flow and for two-pion interferometry, contrasting our results with a resonance gas EoS.