Abstract
When a man sets out to tinker with an alarm clock one of two things is almost certain to happen: Either he gets it going or he has enough parts left over to make a wrist watch, and neither of them runs or ever will. The result does not depend on his virtuosity with a screwdriver nor does it rest on his knowledge of radio, firearms or locomotives. If he succeeds in putting it in order it is only because he understands how clocks work. So it is with the nose. To deal successfully with a nose the rhinologist must understand the basic principles of surgery, to be sure. Granted he must be skilful with his hands. He must be conversant with the local anatomy. But above all he must know how a nose works. Until recently he has unexplainably paid little attention to function. Many a monograph and many

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