Quantitative Measurements with Scintillation Counters

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Abstract
The efficiency of a number of fluorescent materials used as scintillation counters for various materials has been measured. Two characteristics have been distinguished: (a) The physical light yield, i.e., the fraction of the absorbed energy transformed into light, and (b) the practical light yield, i.e., the amount of light obtained from a given intensity of radiation of a particular type, with the thickness of the phosphor adjusted for optimum results. Although the sulfide phosphors are high in physical yield, their practical yield is relatively lower because they are quite opaque to their fluorescent radiations. The organic phosphors, such as naphthalene and phenanthrene, and the potassium bromide phosphors are very much better in this respect.