Polymorphisms in the catechol‐O‐methyltransferase (COMT) gene influence plasma total homocysteine levels

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Abstract
Elevated plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) is a risk factor for various disorders. We investigated whether functional polymorphisms in catechol‐O‐methyltransferase (COMT) influence tHcy, since COMT activity producesS‐adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), a homocysteine precursor. We hypothesized that high activity COMT variants would be associated with high tHcy, since they presumably result in increased formation of SAH. We genotyped 780 community‐dwelling elderly individuals for functionalCOMT(Val158Met and A−287G) and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR; C677T) polymorphisms, and measured plasma tHcy. As predicted,COMTVal158carriers had significantly higher tHcy than Met158homozygotes. The effect was limited to individuals homozygous for theMTHFRT677allele. In addition, individuals homozygous for theCOMTG−287allele tended to have lower tHcy levels. High activity variants ofCOMTinteract with the low activity variant ofMTHFRto increase tHcy levels. The effect on tHcy may contribute to the reported associations of COMT genotype with psychiatric and neurobiological phenotypes. The results also indicate that COMT activity may influence a broader range of biochemical pathways than hitherto appreciated.

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