Immediate vs. delayed shock in T-maze performance.

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Abstract
Rats were run in a single choice-point maze with food reward delayed 45 sec. on every trial. One response was followed by immediate shock, the other by shock delayed 30 sec. Animals showed a significant preference for immediate shock. In a comparable design, a signal either preceded or followed the shock depending upon the choice the animal made. Animals learned to run to the signal-shock side on free-choice trials. The data are compatible with the assumption that delay of reward or punishment as such has no effect on choice performance after extensive training when distinctive cues are present during the delay. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)

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