Optically addressed thresholding very-large-scale-integration/liquid-crystal spatial light modulators

Abstract
Two 32 × 32 array optically addressed thresholding spatial light modulators consisting of a very-large-scale-integration chip and a ferroelectric liquid-crystal modulator are presented. The intensity contrast ratios range from 3:1 and 11:1, and the response times range from 500 μs to 6 ms.