Increased Susceptibility of Pyrethroid-Resistant Horn Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) to Chlorfenapyr

Abstract
Chlorfenapyr (AC 303630) was found to be 5 times as toxic to pyrethroid-resistant horn flies, Haematobia irritans (L.), as to susceptible. We hypothesize this difference occurs because higher levels of mixed function oxidises in the resistant flies convert more chlorfenapyr (a pro-insecticide) to the insecticidal form. This negative cross-resistance between chlorfenapyr and pyre thyroids offers new resistance management possibilities.

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