Forces during Squatting and Rising from a Deep Squat

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Abstract
The joint and muscle forces arising from and generated in the knee during the activity of squatting, and rising from a deep squat have been calculated. The analysis involved the consideration of a two-dimensional model. Data was then collected from each of the subjects performing the activity using: a force platform; a ciné film used in conjunction with the X-rays to describe accurately the configuration of the lower limb; EMG data; anthropometric data. A computer program was developed to analyse the data and compute the forces in the leg. Six subjects were tested and graphs of joint and muscle forces versus knee angle were obtained for each of them. A discussion follows. The results for ascent and descent, and slow and fast activities are compared.