Alcoholics view group therapy. Process and goals.

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Abstract
A 60-item Q-sort, designed to determine which of 12 elements of group therapy the patients found most helpful, was completed by 20 patients (4 women, mean age 39) enrolled in the inpatient alcoholism program of Manteno Mental Health Center (Illinois [USA]). The Q-sort was performed when the patients were in the middle stages of the 90-day group therapy. Although there was little agreement (Kendall correlation coefficient of concordance W = 0.36; P < .001) among the patients on the rank order of the 12 factors associated with favorable outcome, standard scores identified 3 factor clusters, listed in order from the highest to the lowest ranking: catharsis, insight, interpersonal input and cohesiveness; instillation of hope and existential factors; and interpersonal output, universality, altruism, family reenactment and guidance. Group therapy is probably a helical process, and the ranking of the various factors reflected stages in the process.

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