EFFECTS OF ETHCHLORVYNOL ON PULMONARY ALVEOLAR MEMBRANE-PERMEABILITY

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Abstract
I.v. injection of ethchlorvynol (Placidyl) [a hypnotic-sedative] caused noncardiogenic pulmonary edema in humans and laboratory animals. The effects of i.v. ethchlorvynol (15-25 mg/kg of body wt) on pulmonary alveolar membrane permeability to various endogenous and exogenous solutes in the in vivo saline-filled dog lung model were studied. Baseline and postethchlorvynol times in min for 50% equilibration between the blood and saline-filled alveoli were, respectively, for urea, 37.3 .+-. 12.4 and 12 .+-. 6.3; for albumin, 8160 .+-. 4400 and 267 .+-. 93; for dextrans of MW 10,400 daltons, 1150 .+-. 80 and 185 .+-. 160; for dextrans of MW 250,000 daltons, 24,000 .+-. 800 and 1120 .+-. 900; for dextrans of MW 500,000 daltons, 24,500 .+-. 150 and 1020 .+-. 590. All of these pairs of values were significantly different (P < 0.01). Lung liquid histamine (but not blood histamine) concentrations increased significantly (P < 0.001) after ethchlorvynol injection. I.v. ethchlorvynol caused marked increases in alveolar membrane permeability.

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