X-ray diffraction study of liquid n-butane at 140 and 267 K

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Abstract
X‐ray diffraction data for liquid n‐butane near the triple and boiling points are presented. The data are analyzed using scattering factors for −CH3 and −CH2 groups which permits extraction of structure and distribution functions for carbon sites. An intramolecular carbon–carbon distance at approximately 3.1 Å is assigned to a short end‐to‐end distance in a near‐gauche conformation, which is in agreement with the electron diffraction results for gaseous n‐butane. The intermolecular pair distribution functions show a large difference in the liquid structure for the low and high temperature states, similar to that found in liquid propane.

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