Logarithmic temperature dependence of the conductivity of the two-dimensional metal

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Abstract
We report on the first observation and studies of a weak delocalizing logarithmic temperature dependence of the conductivity, which causes the conductivity of the 2D metal to increase as T decreases down to 16 mK. The prefactor of the logarithmic dependence is found to decrease gradually with density, to vanish at a critical density n c , 2∼2×1012 cm−2, and then to have the opposite sign at n>n c ,2. The second critical density sets the upper limit on the existence region of the 2D metal, whereas the conductivity at the critical point, G c ,2∼120e2/h, sets an upper (low-temperature) limit on its conductivity.