The Molecular Mechanism of Protoplasmic Incompatibility and its Relationship to the Formation of Protoperithecia in Podospora anserina

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Abstract
In P. anserina, protoplasmic incompatibility due to interactions between non-allelic genes was suppressed by the effect of mutations in 2 modifier genes, mod-1 and mod-2. It is shown that mod-1 and mod-2 are involved in the production of 3 specific proteins, a phenoloxidase and 2 previously identified proteases (Begueret et Bernet, 1973 a) which are associated with the phenomenon of protoplasmic disintegration. These enzymes, whose messengers are normally latent during vegetative growth, appear at this stage of the life cycle only as a consequence of incompatible gene interactions. The mod-1 and mod-2 genes and each of the 5 incompatibility loci involved in non-allelic incompatibility systems also participate in the formation of the protoperithecia. This pleiotropic effect suggests that protoplasmic incompatibility is a deviation in the normal physiological processes of protoperithecial formation.

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