On the Geological Importance of the Primitive Reptilian Fauna in the Uppermost Cretaceous of Hungary; with a Description of a New Tortoise ( Kallokibotion )

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Abstract
In Eastern Hungary the Upper Cretaceous can be divided into two horizons with an unconformity between them (53, 66). The lowest deposits in some places, as near Szászcsor (53), are red conglomerates; in other places (as, for example, Ohaba Ponor) they are red laterites filling fissures in the Tithonian limestone (28). Then follow, extending farther than the red deposits, grey marls and sandstones containing at their base seams of coal (28), and somewhat higher up several ammonites, such as: Acanthoceras newboldi Kossmat. A. cenomanense Pictet. A. harpax Stoliczka. A. rhotomagense (Defrance). Acanthoceras mantelli (Sowerby). A. morpheus Stoliczka. Puzosia planulata (Sowerby). Crioceras sp. (53). These help to fix the age of the marls as Cenomanian. Overlying the ammonitiferous strata are coarser sandstones, crammed with enormous numbers of Actæonella sp. (28, 53); then come marls and sandstones containing some rare examples of Actaeonella gigantea (53), attaining a diameter of 6 inches and more; and lastly, a great complex of rough blue and white sandstones is met with (7), corresponding to the Emscher Sandstone of German geologists or to the zone of Micraster cor-anguinum in England. These strata are characterized throughout Transylvania by remarkably large Inocerami (53, 65). In Inoceramus giganteus Pálfy, for example, each valve attained a length of nearly 2 feet (65). Unconformably upon these beds rest younger marine layers containing Pachydiscus neubergicus Hauer, P. colligatus Binck, Scaphites constrictus Sowerby (53), and numerous bivalves and gasteropods (51, 64), among which it is sufficient to mention Melanopsis galloprovincialis Matheron and Pyrgulifera pichleri