Broncholith as a Cause of Fatal Hemoptysis

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Abstract
EPISODES of minor hemoptysis in a patient with old, calcific tuberculous scars may herald massive pulmonary hemorrhage. We report such a case that was due to erosion of a pulmonary artery by a broncholith. Report of a Case A 70-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of hemoptysis of two days' duration. Her pulmonary tuberculosis had been treated with thoracoplasty, streptomycin sulfate, and isoniazid 26 years ago. During the past two years, she was hospitalized three times for minor and self-limiting episodes of hemoptysis, which were attributed to old pulmonary tuberculosis with bilateral fibrocalcific scarring and bronchiectasis. No bronchoscopic study had been done during that period. She received isoniazid prophylactically, although repeated smears and cultures of sputum for acid-fast bacilli were negative. Two days before admission, she started coughing up copious amounts of bright red blood. She felt mild shortness of breath until the bleeding ceased, after which she

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