Role of radiotherapy following total mastectomy in patients with early breast cancer
- 1 January 1994
- journal article
- clinical trial
- Published by Wiley in World Journal of Surgery
- Vol. 18 (1) , 117-122
- https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00348201
Abstract
Between June 1970 and April 1975 the CRC (King's/Cambridge) Trial for early breast cancer randomized 2800 patients folowing mastectomy to immediate prophylactic radiotherapy (DXT group, n=1376) or control (WP group, n=1424). Although no difference in overall survival has been demonstrated, there is an increase in mortality in the irradiated patients from nonbreast cancer causes beyond 5 years. It is because of an increase in the number of deaths due to new nonbreast malignancies [RR=1.89 (1.18–3.05)] and to cardiac-related disease [RR=1.52 (1.01–2.29)]. This increased cardiac death rate may be related to the use of orthovoltage, which has greater scatter. There was a significant increase in risk for those with left-sided rather than right-sided tumors in this subgroup [χ2(int) = 5.08; p = 0.02]. Local relapse was significantly reduced in those patients randomized to radiotherapy [RR=0.44 (0.39–0.51)]. Median survival following local relapse was 1.35 years in the DXT group and 2.66 years in the WP group (logrank p2 (int)=5.08, p=0.02). La fréquence de récidive locale était diminuée de façon significative chez les patientes recevant la radíothérapie (RR=0.42 [0.36–0.48]). La survie médiane après récidive était de 1.35 ans chez les femmes dans le groupe DXT et de 2.66 ans chez les femmes dans le groupe WP (logrank p2(int) = 5.08; p = 0.02]. La tasa de recurrencia local se encontró significativamente menor en las pacientes randomizadas a radioterapia (RR=0.42 [0.36–0.48]). La sobrevida media luego de recurrencia local fue de 1.35 años en el grupo DXT y de 2.66 en el grupo WP (logrank p<0.001). Las pacientes que desarrollaron su primera recurrencia en los ganglios supraclaviculares exhibieron un pronóstico especialmente malo (sobrevida media: grupo DXT 0.69 años; grupo WP 1.37 años). Casi 50% de las pacientes que desarrollaron recurrencia en la pared del tórax o en la axila y que luego muríeron, presentaban enfermedad en el mismo sitio en el momento de la muerte, sin diferencia entre las que recibieron o no recibieron radioterapia inmediatamente después de la cirugía. Sin embargo, el número real de pacientes que murieron con enfermedad persistente se reduce a la mitad con el uso de la radioterapia profiláctica (grupo DXT 66; grupo WP 143). Las características clásicas, tales como tamaño del tumor, grado e invasión ganglionar, sirven para definir cuales pacientes son de alto riesgo de recurrencia local, en quienes se debe recomendar radioterapia inmediata.Keywords
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