Implicit and explicit memory and the automatid effortful distinction

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Abstract
This experiment explores the relationship between the implicit/explicit memory dichotomy and the distinction between automatic and effordul processing. In phase 1 all subjects undertook a picture completion task involving the identification of graded sequences of fragmented pictures. During phase 1 half the subjects undertook the task under conditions of divided attention, whereas the other half did not. Following a l-day retention interval, savings on picture completion were measured by retesting subjects on the original picture sequences and comparing performance with new picture sequences. Before retesting, half the subjects in the divided attention condition and half of the focused attention group undertook a free recall test of the pictures presented in phase 1. The results showed that there were significant savings on picture completion but that the extent of savings was unaffected by divided attention. In contrast, divided attention significantly impaired recall. There was no significant relationship between savings and recall assessed across subjects. However, for any given subject, there were greater savings for items previously recalled. The theoretical implications of these data are discussed.

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