Confinement of ions created externally in a quadrupole ion trap operated in the combined Penning and radio-frequency mode

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Abstract
The use of a quadrupole ion trap to catch ions in flight and to trap them for extended periods of time was investigated. The numerical results obtained that storage of ions produced externally is possible in the combined mode, in which suitable radio-frequency, dc-electric, and magnetic fields are applied simultaneously. Equations describing the dynamics of the ion motion have been derived and optimum injection conditions were obtained.