NEUROCRISTOPATHIES OF THE HUMAN NASOFRONTAL BUD - ETHMOIDAL SYNDROMES (HYPO-SEPTOETHMOIDISM AND HYPER-SEPTOETHMOIDISM)

  • 1 January 1981
    • journal article
    • research article
    • Vol. 82  (4) , 213-225
Abstract
Knowledge of human brain development has increased rapidly over the last decade due to fundamental acquisitions in the fields of organogenesis, fetal development and post-natal growth. The role of the neural crests during cephalic organogenesis has given new biological dimensions to the head. The nasofrontal bud is an embryonic cephalic segment, in which appears the proencephalon, the eyes, the olfactory bulb and the median facial zones (bones, cartilage, teeth). Any morphogenetic anomaly in this original craniofacial segment creates associated malformations of the brain, the base of the skull and the face (eyes and olfactory bulbs): the neurocristopathies. The face is the predicate of the brain. A new classification of these malformations is proposed, based on the clinical study of the ethmoid, a cartilaginous median organ which is accessible clinically. Epigenesis lasts for 18 mo. in this organ, which forms a part of the face and the neurocranium and is known to play a motor morphogenetic role on the osteomembranous face : the ethmoidal syndromes (hypo- and hyper-septoethmoidism). Future reports will discuss the neurocristopathies of the branchial arches.

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