Pseudo-Plastic Phenomena with Vulcanized Rubber

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Abstract
It is shown that plastic flow and relaxation of vulcanized natural rubber follow a logarithmic course with time. As a result, it is possible to define rate of flow as the ratio of flow at constant tension to the logarithm of the time, and rate of relaxation as the ratio of the decline in tension at constant elongation to the logarithm of the time. A study of tension-rate of flow diagrams at different temperatures has shown that, at room temperature, a considerable part of the total flow measured is reversible and therefore must be considered as pseudo-flow. This pseudo-flow is caused by a retardation in crystallization, and diminishes with increase in temperature. As a result, with increasing temperature, the total rate of flow passes through a minimum. An analogous situation occurs with the phenomenon of relaxation.

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