Developing a Model of Structured Decision Making in Juvenile Corrections: The Massachusetts Experience

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Abstract
Decision makers are now considering a variety of strategies for building a structured hierarchy of sanctions within the juvenile justice system. These efforts are linked to the perception that we need to increase both the level of control over juvenile offenders “at risk” in the community and the degree of accountability by decision makers for individual placement decisions. The recent development of objective classification systems represents one possible model for structured decision making. We identify three types of classification (i.e., classification for risk, treatment, and control) and analyze their potential utilization by juvenile justice decision makers. We then discuss the Massachusetts Department of Youth Services's decision model for classifying youths for placement in secure and nonsecure settings. Two unique characteristics of that system—the dominance of private sector service providers and DYS's unsurpassed discretionary authority in handling offenders—perpetuate an ongoing struggle for the state in making rational, consistent decisions. Recommendations for continued development of comprehensive classification systems are also offered.