Cross‐correlation formulation of the complex power from planar apertures

Abstract
A novel formulation of the complex power radiated from planar antenna apertures is presented in terms of the cross‐correlation functions of the aperture fields. The analysis makes use of the Fourier transform relationship between the cross‐correlation function and the cross spectral power density. We start with the well‐known Poynting vector integration which involves plane wave intrinsic impedances and which can be given in five different forms according to the choice of the field representation. Through simple mathematical manipulations we arrive at the cross‐correlation form which is applicable not only to simple apertures but also to nonperiodic as well as periodic arrays either with or without dielectric sheets. This formulation is specially useful in analyzing aperture problems having a statistical nature where the conventional Poynting vector approach is not directly applicable.

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