Polyclonal B Cell Activation by Cell Wall Preparations of Gram‐Positive Bacteria

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Abstract
The effects of polyclonal B cell activation (PBA) of cell walls and their cell wall fractions obtained from several kinds of gram‐positive bacteria were studied using the anti‐sheep red blood cell (SRBC) or anti‐trinitrophenylated (TNP) SRBC plaque forming cell (PFC) responses of cultured spleen cells from Balb/c, athymic nu/nu, their littermates (nu/+), C3H/He (LPS‐responder), C3H/HeJ (LPS‐non‐responder), (CBA/N × Balb/c) F1 male with an X‐linked defect in B cell function and the F1 female mice. The cell walls of Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC 155), Lactobacillus plantarum (ATCC 8014), Micrococcus lysodeikticus (NCTC 2665), Mycobacterium rhodochrous (ATCC 184), Streptomyces gardneri (ATCC 23911) and Nocardia corynebacteriodes (ATCC 14898) had the ability to induce polyclonal B cell responses in the spleen cells of Balb/c, nu/nu, nu/+, C3H/He and C3H/HeJ mice. The cell wall fractions prepared by enzymatic digestion from the cell walls of S. epidermidis, S. gardneri or N. corynebacteriodes were also capable of inducing polyclonal B cell responses. The responses of spleen cells from (CBA/N × Balb/c) F1 male mice to these active preparations, except the cell walls of M. rhodochrous, were much lower than those of the F1 female mice. These findings indicate that the majority of the cell wall preparations lacks PBA ability for spleen cells with the CBA/N defect, except for the cell walls of M. rhodochrous which possess this ability. The PBA‐ability of synthetic peptidoglycan, muramyl dipeptide (N‐acetylmuramyl‐L‐alanyl‐D‐isoglutamine, MDP), was also examined, and a similar activity was observed in MDP.

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