Perceptual Grouping Produced by Changes in Orientation and Shape

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Abstract
The relative effectiveness of changes in orientation and shape in producing perceptual grouping has been studied using a method based on threshold judgments. Statistical analyses of the threshold values show that rotating some of the figures in a field from a vertical position to a slant of 45° facilitates segregating the field into separate perceptual groups. In contrast, changes in the shape or orientation of these figures, which leave their component lines vertical and horizontal, do not reliably aid grouping. The results also suggest that the similarity of the figures composing the field is not a good predictor of the degree to which the figures will cohere to form distinct perceptual groups.

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