Abstract
An acute inflammatory disease of the central nervous system may be associated with an infectious illness, and when this is an isolated event it is termed acute disseminated encephalomyelitis.1 2 The inflammation and oedema may be succeeded by demyelination, and similar features may be precipitated by infection in patients with a predisposition to multiple sclerosis. We present the case of a patient with an acute demyelinating condition and discuss the distinction between acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis.

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