Neuroglia have been recognized in the retina since 1851 when Müller described the cells that bear his name and have been studied most vigorously in recent times with various silver methods. These cells exhibit metabolic1 and ultrastructural2 similarities to neuroglia in the brain. Despite these similarities they bear little outward resemblance to conventional astroglia or oligodendroglia which constitute the chief components of glia in the central nervous system. The present study was undertaken in an effort to determine the neuroglial composition of the retina as revealed by several staining methods. Method Studies were made on 29 human retinas, both normal and pathologic, and on normal retinas from monkey, calf, rat, cat, mouse, rabbit, and toadfish. The eyes were fixed in Cajal's formol-ammonium bromide or transferred to that fixative after initial immersion in neutral formalin. The mid-periphery and far-periphery of each retina were studied. The papillary and peripapillary regions