The contact Nd:YAG laser system in the treatment of bladder cancer: A preliminary report in 48 patients

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Abstract
A synthetic contact sapphire endoprobe attached to the quartz fiber of a neodymium:yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser had been used in the transurethral treatment of bladder tumors. A total of 68 operations have been carried out in 48 patients. The contact probe was placed directly into the tumor under direct vision. Using 15‐20 watts of laser energy, the tumor blanched and underwent necrosis. The technique was easy to apply, and bleeding was minimal. Damage to the ureteral orifice and ureter in the bladder wall at repeat cystoscopy appeared less than with conventional electrocautery or noncontact laser treatment. The technique of contact Nd:YAG laser surgery will have an important role in the transurethral treatment of bladder tumors.