Microbiological Detoxificaion of Resin Acids

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Abstract
The fungus, Mortierella isabellina, was used to define the biochemical transformations required to detoxify three resin acids and three chlorinated resin acids commonly found in pulp mill effluents. Detoxification was based on bioassays using Daphnia pulex and, whenever feasible, sockeye fry (Oncorhynchus nerka). Hydroxylation at C(2a) generally was the initial step in detoxification and usually resulted in at least a ten-fold reduction in acute toxicity. Additional hydroxylation further reduced acute toxicity. Ring cleavage was not required to detoxify the resin acids or their chlorinated derivatives. Furthermore, substantial reductions in acute toxicities of chlorinated compounds were achieved without chlorine removal.

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