Physiological Mechanisms in Development

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Abstract
In this review the concern is primarily with how different cell types become established during development. In considering whether the nucleus exerts any control over the origin and perpetuation of the different cell lineages, the following subjects are treated maturation of the egg and maternal inheritance, equivalence of cleavage nuclei, nuclear modification of development, nuclear differentiation, and cytoplasmic control of nuclear differentiation, The author discusses the organization of the egg; also segregation, both as localization of egg components prior to cell divisions and as their further separation by cleavage furrows; and the dependence of segregation on self-reproducing cytoplasmic units or plasmagenes. He considers mechanisms, especially particulate transmission and immunological mechanisms, by which intercellular reactions or diverse environmental agents effect differentiation. Finally, he discusses the role of developmental centers and gradient-fields.
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