Distribution of Diacylglycerylhydroxymethyltrimethyl-β-alanine (DGTA) and Phosphatidylcholine in Brown Algae

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Abstract
Lipids were analyzed in thirteen species of brown algae collected at the seashore near Tokyo, Japan. Diacylglycerylhydroxymethyltrimethyl-β-alanine (DGTA), a recently identified betaine lipid, was found as a major lipid component in eight species of brown algae examined, namely, Ishige okamurai, Dictyota dichotoma, Pachydictyon coriaceum, Padina arborescens, Hizikia fusiformis, Sargassum horneri, S. ringgoldianum and S. thunbergii. However, phosphatidylcholine (PC) was not detected in any of these algae except I. okamurai. By contrast, PC was found as a major lipid component in five other species, namely, Colpomenia sinuosa, Endarachne binghamiae, Scytosiphon lomentarius, Eisenia bicyclis, Undaria pinnatifida. These algae in turn did not contain detectable amounts of DGTA. The fatty acid composition of four selected species, S. lomentarius, U. pinnatifida, D. dichotoma and H. fusiformis, was also studied. The fatty acid components of DGTA in D. dichotoma and H. fusiformis were similar to those of PC in U. pinnatifida, the major components being 16:0, 18:2 and 20:4ω6 (also 16:1 in D. dichotoma).

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