Multiple Scattering Aspects of theπ-Nucleus Low Equation

The $\pi$-nucleus Low equation, under certain assumptions (implicit in conventional multiple-scattering theory), is equivalent to a linear equation. The propagator of this equation includes a factor of ${\left(\frac{z}{H_0}\right)}^2$ which vastly reduces off-shell scattering. As a result, the Kisslinger singularity is eliminated, and the size of the Lorentz-Lorenz effect and local-field corrections is reduced.