Low‐angle x‐ray scattering from crazes and fracture surfaces in polystyrene

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Abstract
Both crazes and fracture surfaces in glassy polymers produce a low‐angle scattering of x‐rays. Scattering patterns are anisotropic and often show considerable streaking. In the one case (polystyrene) studied extensively so far, detalied analysis suggests that the craze is approximated as a collection of spheroidal or irregular‐shaped voids surrounded by material with anisotropic density distribution arising from its orientation in the stress direction. The void dimension is about 90–115 Å and the specific internal surface area about 170 m2/cm3 of craze. These results and those from electron microscopic studies are reasonably consistent.