Theoretical investigations of models for the laser with a saturable absorber: A case of homoclinic tangency to a periodic orbit

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Abstract
A general model for the laser with an intracavity saturable absorber (LSA), with relaxation processes represented by a set of auxiliary variables simply coupled to the field equation, is proposed. Within this framework, a popular model for LSA is discussed through a systematical analysis of the parameter ranges for which chaotic behavior is present. The origin of the instabilities is traced back to the presence of a homoclinic orbit biasymptotic to a periodic unstable solution of the system. The relevant influence of the spontaneous emission in enhancing the underlying deterministic instability is pointed out.