Non-cellular Regeneration Processes in the Integument of the Flatworm Geoplana abundans

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Abstract
Some terrestrial Tricladids, like Geoplanaabundans, develop unusual regeneration processes in the course of replacing lost parts of their integument. Specimens fixed in 5 consecutive stages of generation show the following phenomena: first formation of a membrane over the wound; then establishment of a plasmodial covering layer under the membrane through re-utilization of various tissue fragments; then migration of nuclei into this layer and their adjustment to the new position; finally formation of a complete integument without cellular structure but with clear delimitation from the other tissues by a basal membrane. No neoblasts participate in the formation of this integument but later an immigration and vigorous multiplication of neoblasts take place, always below the basal membrane. Still later the plasmodial integument itself also takes up a definite cellular structure. The possible role of similar phenomena in the pathological histology of higher organisms is pointed out.

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