Old and New Ways to Repair Inguinal Hernias

Abstract
Inguinal hernias have been a problem since prehistory, and through recorded time, surgeons have attempted to repair them. A coherent anatomical basis for repair awaited Bassini's classic description in 1889: suture of the conjoined tendon (internal oblique and transverse muscles with the incised fascia transversalis) to Poupart's (inguinal) ligament.1 Modern conventional repairs are a variation on Bassini's original work. The two best-known techniques are the Cooper ligament repair (interrupted sutures approximating the conjoined tendon to Cooper's ligament with a relaxing incision on the external oblique aponeurosis)2 and the Shouldice technique (approximating with great precision the above anatomical elements in four . . .