Applications of guided waves to nonlinear optics

Abstract
Electromagnetic waves guided by single or multiple interfaces offer exciting possibilities for nonlinear optics because of the high power densities that can be achieved with small total powers. Progress in this area with the use of second-order and third-order nonlinearities is reviewed, including the current status of second harmonic generation by correctional and contradictional guided waves. A number of third-order nonlinear phenomena have recently been observed and are described. In particular new nonlinear modes unique to guided waves have been verified to show optical limiter characteristics. Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering has been demonstrated experimentally in thin-film waveguides with unparalleled conversion efficiencies.