Ellipticity induced Alfvén eigenmodes

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Abstract
It is shown that noncircularity of tokamak flux surfaces leads to frequency gaps in the magnetohydrodynamic Alfvén continuum. Within these gaps discrete modes having macroscopic structure are shown to exist and have many common features with toroidicity induced Alfvén eigenmodes. The present work focuses on ellipticity. Since κ−1>ε in many tokamaks the ellipticity induced Alfvén eigenmode may indeed be a more robust mode. The most global mode couples the m=1, n=1 and m=3, n=1 ‘‘cylindrical’’ eigenmodes. The region of strong coupling occurs at the q(r)=2 surface and the width of the coupling region is finite and of order (κ−1)a. Furthermore, for typical limiter q(r) profiles satisfying 1≲q≲3, the dominant mode harmonics do not intersect the continuum Alfvén spectrum.