Direct Calibration Procedures for Exciplex-Based Vapor/ Liquid Visualization of Fuel Sprays

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Abstract
Direct calibration procedures for both the liquid and vapor phases have been developed for use with exciplex-based vapor/liquid visualization systems, in particular for the system composed of 1 % (w/w) N,N,N′N′-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine (TMPD)/10% (w/w) naphthalene/89% (w/w) n-decane. For the vapor phase, a sealed temperature controlled cuvet provides a series of in situ reference samples. For the liquid phase, imaged droplets from the edge of a non-evaporating spray are used to provide a range of in situ reference samples. The calibration factors, determined as the measured fluorescence intensity/amount of vapor (or liquid)/unit laser intensity, can then be used to provide absolute calibration for the fluorescent images that are collected from an evaporating fuel spray. Calibrated images, which show the average and transient behavior of evaporating fuel sprays, are presented for the vapor and liquid phases.

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