A Biometrics Invited Paper. Estimation for Small Domains

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Abstract
Timely and complete health, social and economic data can be obtained from samples, but usually only for major geographic areas and large subgroups of the population. Small domain estimates are available from censuses, but only infrequently and for only a few variables. Effective planning of health services and other governmental activities cannot depend on traditional data sources; the data must be more current and more complete than these sources provide. Since estimates are needed for a great diversity of domains, a definition and classification of domains is presented to clarify the direction of this review. The existing small domain estimation techniques are split into several distinct approaches and review separately. The basic methodologies of these techniques are presented together with their data requirements and limitations. The existing techniques are briefly assessed in regard to their performance and their potential for further application. Current research approaches are reviewed and possible lines for future advances are indicated.

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