Dietary intakes and biochemical markers of selected minerals: comparison of highly trained runners and untrained women.

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Abstract
Mineral status of highly trained (HT) women runners (n = 14) and untrained (UT) women (n = 11), as determined from 3-day dietary records, blood, and urine samples, was compared. HT women had significantly higher energy (HT: 2331 +/− 121 vs UT: 1973 +/− 107 kcal/day; p less than 0.05), magnesium (Mg) (HT: 369 +/− 29 vs UT: 262 +/− 18 mg/day, p less than 0.05), and potassium (K) (HT: 3874 +/− 384 vs UT: 2646 +/− 244 mg/day; p less than 0.05) intakes than UT women. However, mean daily intakes of calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and sodium (Na) were not different for the two groups. Plasma concentrations and urinary excretion of Ca, Mg, and Cu of HT and UT women did not differ. Plasma Fe concentrations of the two groups were also similar (HT: 21 +/− 2 vs UT: 22 +/− 1 mumol/L), and, although serum ferritin concentrations of HT women were lower than UT women (HT: 18 +/− 4 vs UT: 30 +/− 6 micrograms/L), the difference was not significant. Urinary Na excretion of the two groups did not differ. HT women had a higher K intake than UT women but urinary K excretion of the two groups did not differ. Whether present mineral intakes by HT women are adequate during periods of intensive training remains to be determined.

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