Exposure contribution from Ti K x rays produced in the titanium capsule of the clinical I-125 seed

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Abstract
The 125I radioactive nuclide produces 3 intrinsic photons, i.e., the 27.4-keV tellurium (Te) K.alpha. and 31.0-keV K.beta. X-rays, and 35.5-keV gamma rays. In addition, a silver-wire-type seed is known to have silver (Ag) K.alpha. and K.beta. X-rays as a result of interactions between silver atoms and the intrinsic photons. Since the radioactive 125I is completely sealed with a 0.05-mm-thick titanium capsule, fluorescence X-rays from titanium atoms are also expected. This study reports abundance of TiK X-rays at 4.5keV; contribution to exposure from these photons amounting to approximately 19% of the total exposure at 1-cm source-to-detector distance (SDD); exposure uncertainties of 23% at 1-cm SDD when TiK X-rays are excluded; and negligible dose contribution to tissue from these photons.

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