Observations on the White Limestone and other Eocene or Older Tertiary Formations of Virginia, South Carolina, and Georgia

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Abstract
The tertiary deposits occupying a lower position than the Miocene strata described in the last paper, were first referred by Mr. Conrad to the Eocene period, in the “Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences” for 1830. Some of these strata have been observed by Mr. Conrad on the Potomac at Fort Washington in Maryland (“Fossil Tertiary Shells,” p. 30.); but the most northern which I myself examined were in Virginia, at Richmond, at Petersburg, and at several points on the James River. The formation in this region consists in great part of greensand and marl, containing green earth, so precisely like that which characterises the cretaceous strata of New Jersey, that were it not for the distinctness of the fossil shells, it would be impossible in many places to separate these deposits by mere reference to their mineral composition. Farther south, in N. and S. Carolina, and in Georgia, the eocene formation acquires a larger development and a new mineral type, consisting of highly calcareous white marl and white limestone, and passing upwards, especially in Georgia, into red and white clays, ferruginous sands, with associated layers of burrstone and siliceous rock.

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