Dielectrophoretic Separation of Single Microparticles with Quadrupole Microelectrode

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Abstract
In a microcell with a two-dimensional quadrupole microelectrode, polystyrene particles showed positive and negative dielectrophoresis (DEP) in lower (1 k-18 kHz) and higher (32 k-1 MHz) ac frequency regions, respectively, whereas only positive DEP was observed for carbon particles in a whole region of 1 k-1 MHz frequency. These findings were quantitatively explained by the difference in the conductivity of both particles. A DEP separation between the two kinds of particles was attained at a 1 MHz frequency.