A novel technique to make foam shells with high sphericity and wall uniformity for cryogenic laser fusion targets

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Abstract
A new technique to make low‐density, low‐atomic‐number foam shells was developed for use in cryogeniclaser fusion targets. Shells with sphericity > 99% and wall uniformity > 97% were fabricated by a density matched emulsion method using cross‐linked copolymerization in the oil phase of the emulsion. The diameter, wall thickness and density of the shells ranged in 100–1500 μm, 10–150 μm, and 90–310 mg/cm3, respectively. Some foam shells exhibited a membrane on the outer surface, which could be used as the protective layer to prevent liquid fuel from boiling off. The foam shell was transparent when it was saturated with liquid deuterium. This enables us to characterize distribution of the liquid fuel in the shell using an optical interference technique.

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