Exencephaly in fetal hamsters following exposure to hyperthermia

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Abstract
Exposure of pregnant hamsters on gestation day 8 to 40 or 41°C for one hour caused an increased rate of resorption and a high frequency of exencephaly and encephatocele. Longer exposures often killed pregnant females. Hamsters that had fetuses with abnormalities usually experienced body temperature elevations of 3‒4°C above normal (37°C).