Chromosomes of Alouatta seniculus (Platyrrhini, Primates) From French Guina

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Abstract
Karyotypes of 42 specimens of Alouatta seniculus from French Guiana were analyzed by G- and/or R-banding, C-banding, and NORs Ag-staining techniques. The samples were collected during a rescue operation performed at the Petit Saut dam site. All studied specimens but one possess diploid chromosome numbers ranging from 47 to 49, this variation being due to the presence of one to three supernumerary or B-chromosomes (B's). Males exhibit a Y;autosome translocation involving the short arm of an individual biarmed autosome, which results in the following sex chromosome systems: X1X2Y1Y2 in males and X1X1X2X2, in females. Different degrees of chromosome heteromorphism were observed in pairs 9, 12, 14, 19, 21, and 22 related with variations in the amount of constitutive heterochromatin. Of special interest is the heteromorphism for pair 7 (X2) observed in the females, whereas only one of two variants was constantly found in males. Comparisons with other A. seniculus chromosomal data reported in the literature indicate that Red Howlers from French Guiana resemble very closely, from a taxonomic point of view, A. s. macconnelli from the Jari River (Brazil). These data could be used to estimate biodiversity and to reassess taxonomic criteria in this group.

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