Abstract
Normal and teratological carpels are compared with each other and with the foliage leaf. The vascular structure of both types of carpels is different from that of the foliage leaf in that the former have 2 extra main bundles (ovular or marginal) which are lacking in the foliage leaf. These 2 bundles, together with the dorsal bundle and the 2 wing bundles give the carpel a basic 5-trace structure. The extent of presumptive pit formation is related to the development of ovular tissue in the carpel.

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